Rehabilitation after Distal Realignment Procedures
Distal realignment procedures involve a repositioning of the structures of the kneecap. They are performed in order to correct patellofemoral instability, a chronic dislocation of the knee joint attaching the kneecap (patella) to the thigh bone (femur). There are several types of distal realignment surgeries, but they all involve shifting the tendon located beneath the kneecap to align it properly with the tibial tubercle, the bump on the shin bone of the lower leg found just below the knee.
After a distal realignment procedure, the treated knee requires some level of support and protection to promote healing, so generally either a cast or a knee immobilizer is used. In addition, because the knee cannot safely bear full weight for some time, patients are required to use assistive devices such as crutches or canes for up to 6 weeks after the procedure. Physical therapy is an important part of the recovery process as it helps the knee to regain strength, flexibility and complete function.
The goal of physical therapy is to regain strength and full range of motion. Initial physical therapy treatments may include massage to improve circulation, heat or ice application to control pain and swelling, and passive knee motion exercises to help regain range of motion. Once the patient has stopped using crutches, physical therapy exercises begin and may include exercises to strengthen the ankles, knees, hamstrings and quadricep muscles. Stretching exercises are also beneficial. As rehabilitation progresses, more aggressive exercises may be introduced to the patient. Adhering to the physical therapy program and the entire rehabilitation process are essential for achieving a full recovery and effective results from the distal realignment procedure.